diff --git a/docs/contrib/anaphoric.rst b/docs/contrib/anaphoric.rst
index 51ece00..40341da 100644
--- a/docs/contrib/anaphoric.rst
+++ b/docs/contrib/anaphoric.rst
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ concise and easy to read.
 
 To use these macros you need to require the hy.contrib.anaphoric module like so:
 
-``(require hy.contrib.anaphoric)``
+``(require [hy.contrib.anaphoric [*]])``
 
 .. _ap-if:
 
diff --git a/docs/contrib/flow.rst b/docs/contrib/flow.rst
index fa15f73..e99e00e 100644
--- a/docs/contrib/flow.rst
+++ b/docs/contrib/flow.rst
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Example:
 
 .. code-block:: hy
 
-    (require hy.contrib.flow)
+    (require [hy.contrib.flow [case]])
 
     (defn temp-commenter [temp]
         (case temp
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Example:
 
 .. code-block:: hy
 
-    (require hy.contrib.flow)
+    (require [hy.contrib.flow [switch]])
 
     (defn temp-commenter [temp]
         (switch temp
diff --git a/docs/contrib/loop.rst b/docs/contrib/loop.rst
index aaef239..e5a3766 100644
--- a/docs/contrib/loop.rst
+++ b/docs/contrib/loop.rst
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Example:
 
 .. code-block:: hy
 
-    (require hy.contrib.loop)
+    (require [hy.contrib.loop [loop]])
 
     (defn factorial [n]
       (loop [[i n] [acc 1]]
diff --git a/docs/contrib/multi.rst b/docs/contrib/multi.rst
index aa094cd..5740557 100644
--- a/docs/contrib/multi.rst
+++ b/docs/contrib/multi.rst
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ args and/or kwargs. Inspired by Clojure's take on ``defn``.
 
 .. code-block:: clj
 
-    => (require hy.contrib.multi)
+    => (require [hy.contrib.multi [defmulti]])
     =>   (defmulti fun
     ...     ([a] "a")
     ...     ([a b] "a b")
diff --git a/docs/language/api.rst b/docs/language/api.rst
index fa09c82..379c6d4 100644
--- a/docs/language/api.rst
+++ b/docs/language/api.rst
@@ -1210,16 +1210,84 @@ alternatively be written using the apostrophe (``'``) symbol.
 require
 -------
 
-``require`` is used to import macros from a given module. It takes at least one
-parameter specifying the module which macros should be imported. Multiple
-modules can be imported with a single ``require``.
+``require`` is used to import macros from one or more given modules. It allows
+parameters in all the same formats as ``import``. The ``require`` form itself
+produces no code in the final program: its effect is purely at compile-time, for
+the benefit of macro expansion. Specifically, ``require`` imports each named
+module and then makes each requested macro available in the current module.
 
-The following example will import macros from ``module-1`` and ``module-2``:
+The following are all equivalent ways to call a macro named ``foo`` in the module ``mymodule``:
 
 .. code-block:: clj
 
-    (require module-1 module-2)
+    (require mymodule)
+    (mymodule.foo 1)
 
+    (require [mymodule :as M])
+    (M.foo 1)
+
+    (require [mymodule [foo]])
+    (foo 1)
+
+    (require [mymodule [*]])
+    (foo 1)
+
+    (require [mymodule [foo :as bar]])
+    (bar 1)
+
+Macros that call macros
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+One aspect of ``require`` that may be surprising is what happens when one
+macro's expansion calls another macro. Suppose ``mymodule.hy`` looks like this:
+
+.. code-block:: clj
+
+    (defmacro repexpr [n expr]
+      ; Evaluate the expression n times
+      ; and collect the results in a list.
+      `(list (map (fn [_] ~expr) (range ~n))))
+
+    (defmacro foo [n]
+      `(repexpr ~n (input "Gimme some input: ")))
+
+And then, in your main program, you write:
+
+.. code-block:: clj
+
+    (require [mymodule [foo]])
+
+    (print (mymodule.foo 3))
+
+Running this raises ``NameError: name 'repexpr' is not defined``, even though
+writing ``(print (foo 3))`` in ``mymodule`` works fine. The trouble is that your
+main program doesn't have the macro ``repexpr`` available, since it wasn't
+imported (and imported under exactly that name, as opposed to a qualified name).
+You could do ``(require [mymodule [*]])`` or ``(require [mymodule [foo
+repexpr]])``, but a less error-prone approach is to change the definition of
+``foo`` to require whatever sub-macros it needs:
+
+.. code-block:: clj
+
+    (defmacro foo [n]
+      `(do
+        (require mymodule)
+        (mymodule.repexpr ~n (raw-input "Gimme some input: "))))
+
+It's wise to use ``(require mymodule)`` here rather than ``(require [mymodule
+[repexpr]])`` to avoid accidentally shadowing a function named ``repexpr`` in
+the main program.
+
+Qualified macro names
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Note that in the current implementation, there's a trick in qualified macro
+names, like ``mymodule.foo`` and ``M.foo`` in the above example. These names
+aren't actually attributes of module objects; they're just identifiers with
+periods in them. In fact, ``mymodule`` and ``M`` aren't defined by these
+``require`` forms, even at compile-time. None of this will hurt you unless try
+to do introspection of the current module's set of defined macros, which isn't
+really supported anyway.
 
 rest / cdr
 ----------
diff --git a/docs/tutorial.rst b/docs/tutorial.rst
index 834332d..5c3225c 100644
--- a/docs/tutorial.rst
+++ b/docs/tutorial.rst
@@ -568,15 +568,18 @@ Macros are useful when one wishes to extend Hy or write their own
 language on top of that. Many features of Hy are macros, like ``when``,
 ``cond`` and ``->``.
 
-To use macros defined in a different module, it is not enough to
-``import`` the module, because importing happens at run-time, while we
-would need macros at compile-time. Instead of importing the module
-with macros, ``require`` must be used:
+What if you want to use a macro that's defined in a different
+module? The special form ``import`` won't help, because it merely
+translates to a Python ``import`` statement that's executed at
+run-time, and macros are expanded at compile-time, that is,
+during the translate from Hy to Python. Instead, use ``require``,
+which imports the module and makes macros available at
+compile-time. ``require`` uses the same syntax as ``import``.
 
 .. code-block:: clj
 
    => (require tutorial.macros)
-   => (rev (1 2 3 +))
+   => (tutorial.macros.rev (1 2 3 +))
    6
 
 Hy <-> Python interop
diff --git a/hy/cmdline.py b/hy/cmdline.py
index 35f75c6..c24a2f8 100644
--- a/hy/cmdline.py
+++ b/hy/cmdline.py
@@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ def ideas_macro():
 
 """)])
 
-require("hy.cmdline", "__console__")
-require("hy.cmdline", "__main__")
+require("hy.cmdline", "__console__", all_macros=True)
+require("hy.cmdline", "__main__", all_macros=True)
 
 SIMPLE_TRACEBACKS = True
 
diff --git a/hy/compiler.py b/hy/compiler.py
index b6c6d27..aa993b7 100644
--- a/hy/compiler.py
+++ b/hy/compiler.py
@@ -1737,10 +1737,45 @@ class HyASTCompiler(object):
         "unimport" it after we've completed `thing' so that we don't pollute
         other envs.
         """
-        expression.pop(0)
-        for entry in expression:
-            __import__(entry)  # Import it fo' them macros.
-            require(entry, self.module_name)
+        for entry in expression[1:]:
+            if isinstance(entry, HySymbol):
+                # e.g., (require foo)
+                __import__(entry)
+                require(entry, self.module_name, all_macros=True,
+                        prefix=entry)
+            elif isinstance(entry, HyList) and len(entry) == 2:
+                # e.g., (require [foo [bar baz :as MyBaz bing]])
+                # or (require [foo [*]])
+                module, names = entry
+                if not isinstance(names, HyList):
+                    raise HyTypeError(names,
+                                      "(require) name lists should be HyLists")
+                __import__(module)
+                if '*' in names:
+                    if len(names) != 1:
+                        raise HyTypeError(names, "* in a (require) name list "
+                                                 "must be on its own")
+                    require(module, self.module_name, all_macros=True)
+                else:
+                    assignments = {}
+                    while names:
+                        if len(names) > 1 and names[1] == HyKeyword(":as"):
+                            k, _, v = names[:3]
+                            del names[:3]
+                            assignments[k] = v
+                        else:
+                            symbol = names.pop(0)
+                            assignments[symbol] = symbol
+                    require(module, self.module_name, assignments=assignments)
+            elif (isinstance(entry, HyList) and len(entry) == 3
+                    and entry[1] == HyKeyword(":as")):
+                # e.g., (require [foo :as bar])
+                module, _, prefix = entry
+                __import__(module)
+                require(module, self.module_name, all_macros=True,
+                        prefix=prefix)
+            else:
+                raise HyTypeError(entry, "unrecognized (require) syntax")
         return Result()
 
     @builds("and")
diff --git a/hy/contrib/curry.hy b/hy/contrib/curry.hy
index ae3e4da..0bf5bd7 100644
--- a/hy/contrib/curry.hy
+++ b/hy/contrib/curry.hy
@@ -17,4 +17,5 @@
 
 
 (defmacro defnc [name args &rest body]
-  `(def ~name (fnc [~@args] ~@body)))
+  `(do (require hy.contrib.curry)
+       (def ~name (hy.contrib.curry.fnc [~@args] ~@body))))
diff --git a/hy/contrib/loop.hy b/hy/contrib/loop.hy
index a9b98f6..d114140 100644
--- a/hy/contrib/loop.hy
+++ b/hy/contrib/loop.hy
@@ -70,7 +70,8 @@
 (defmacro defnr [name lambda-list &rest body]
   (if (not (= (type name) HySymbol))
     (macro-error name "defnr takes a name as first argument"))
-  `(setv ~name (fnr ~lambda-list ~@body)))
+  `(do (require hy.contrib.loop)
+       (setv ~name (hy.contrib.loop.fnr ~lambda-list ~@body))))
 
 
 (defmacro/g! loop [bindings &rest body]
@@ -87,5 +88,6 @@
   ;; and erroring if not is a giant TODO.
   (let [fnargs (map (fn [x] (first x)) bindings)
         initargs (map second bindings)]
-    `(do (defnr ~g!recur-fn [~@fnargs] ~@body)
+    `(do (require hy.contrib.loop)
+         (hy.contrib.loop.defnr ~g!recur-fn [~@fnargs] ~@body)
          (~g!recur-fn ~@initargs))))
diff --git a/hy/contrib/meth.hy b/hy/contrib/meth.hy
index c52e03c..6774830 100644
--- a/hy/contrib/meth.hy
+++ b/hy/contrib/meth.hy
@@ -9,19 +9,23 @@
        (defn ~name ~params
          (do ~@code)))))
 
+(defn rwm [name path method params code]
+  `(do (require hy.contrib.meth)
+       (hy.contrib.meth.route-with-methods ~name ~path ~method ~params ~@code)))
+
 ;; Some macro examples
 (defmacro route [name path params &rest code]
   "Get request"
-  `(route-with-methods ~name ~path ["GET"] ~params ~@code))
+  (rwm name path ["GET"] params code))
 
 (defmacro post-route [name path params &rest code]
   "Post request"
-  `(route-with-methods ~name ~path ["POST"] ~params ~@code))
+  (rwm name path ["POST"] params code))
 
 (defmacro put-route [name path params &rest code]
   "Put request"
-  `(route-with-methods ~name ~path ["PUT"] ~params ~@code))
+  (rwm name path ["PUT"] params code))
 
 (defmacro delete-route [name path params &rest code]
   "Delete request"
-  `(route-with-methods ~name ~path ["DELETE"] ~params ~@code))
+  (rwm name path ["DELETE"] params code))
diff --git a/hy/macros.py b/hy/macros.py
index 154e258..e59f760 100644
--- a/hy/macros.py
+++ b/hy/macros.py
@@ -84,22 +84,36 @@ def reader(name):
     return _
 
 
-def require(source_module, target_module):
-    """Load the macros from `source_module` in the namespace of
-    `target_module`.
+def require(source_module, target_module,
+            all_macros=False, assignments={}, prefix=""):
+    """Load macros from `source_module` in the namespace of
+    `target_module`. `assignments` maps old names to new names, but is
+    ignored if `all_macros` is true. If `prefix` is nonempty, it is
+    prepended to the name of each imported macro. (This means you get
+    macros named things like "mymacromodule.mymacro", which looks like
+    an attribute of a module, although it's actually just a symbol
+    with a period in its name.)
 
     This function is called from the `require` special form in the compiler.
 
     """
-    macros = _hy_macros[source_module]
-    refs = _hy_macros[target_module]
-    for name, macro in macros.items():
-        refs[name] = macro
 
-    readers = _hy_reader[source_module]
-    reader_refs = _hy_reader[target_module]
-    for name, reader in readers.items():
-        reader_refs[name] = reader
+    seen_names = set()
+    if prefix:
+        prefix += "."
+
+    for d in _hy_macros, _hy_reader:
+        for name, macro in d[source_module].items():
+            seen_names.add(name)
+            if all_macros:
+                d[target_module][prefix + name] = macro
+            elif name in assignments:
+                d[target_module][prefix + assignments[name]] = macro
+
+    if not all_macros:
+        unseen = frozenset(assignments.keys()).difference(seen_names)
+        if unseen:
+            raise ImportError("cannot require names: " + repr(list(unseen)))
 
 
 def load_macros(module_name):
diff --git a/tests/compilers/test_ast.py b/tests/compilers/test_ast.py
index 31c90bd..67e645e 100644
--- a/tests/compilers/test_ast.py
+++ b/tests/compilers/test_ast.py
@@ -249,6 +249,20 @@ def test_ast_good_import_from():
     can_compile("(import [x [y]])")
 
 
+def test_ast_require():
+    "Make sure AST respects (require) syntax"
+    can_compile("(require tests.resources.tlib)")
+    can_compile("(require [tests.resources.tlib [qplah parald]])")
+    can_compile("(require [tests.resources.tlib [*]])")
+    can_compile("(require [tests.resources.tlib :as foobar])")
+    can_compile("(require [tests.resources.tlib [qplah :as quiz]])")
+    can_compile("(require [tests.resources.tlib [qplah :as quiz parald]])")
+    cant_compile("(require [tests.resources.tlib])")
+    cant_compile("(require [tests.resources.tlib [* qplah]])")
+    cant_compile("(require [tests.resources.tlib [qplah *]])")
+    cant_compile("(require [tests.resources.tlib [* *]])")
+
+
 def test_ast_good_get():
     "Make sure AST can compile valid get"
     can_compile("(get x y)")
diff --git a/tests/native_tests/contrib/alias.hy b/tests/native_tests/contrib/alias.hy
index 7f3e66c..a88cb93 100644
--- a/tests/native_tests/contrib/alias.hy
+++ b/tests/native_tests/contrib/alias.hy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-(require hy.contrib.alias)
+(require [hy.contrib.alias [defn-alias]])
 
 (defn test-defn-alias []
   (defn-alias [tda-main tda-a1 tda-a2] [] :bazinga)
diff --git a/tests/native_tests/contrib/anaphoric.hy b/tests/native_tests/contrib/anaphoric.hy
index 69caac2..60f2998 100644
--- a/tests/native_tests/contrib/anaphoric.hy
+++ b/tests/native_tests/contrib/anaphoric.hy
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 ;; DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
 (import [hy.errors [HyMacroExpansionError]])
-(require hy.contrib.anaphoric)
+(require [hy.contrib.anaphoric [*]])
 
 ;;;; some simple helpers
 
diff --git a/tests/native_tests/contrib/botsbuildbots.hy b/tests/native_tests/contrib/botsbuildbots.hy
index 7fc0d7b..1355119 100644
--- a/tests/native_tests/contrib/botsbuildbots.hy
+++ b/tests/native_tests/contrib/botsbuildbots.hy
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-(import [hy.contrib.botsbuildbots [*]])
-(require hy.contrib.botsbuildbots)
+(require [hy.contrib.botsbuildbots [Botsbuildbots]])
 
 (defn test-botsbuildbots []
   (assert (> (len (first (Botsbuildbots))) 50)))
diff --git a/tests/native_tests/contrib/curry.hy b/tests/native_tests/contrib/curry.hy
index 5d73ca7..7db504f 100644
--- a/tests/native_tests/contrib/curry.hy
+++ b/tests/native_tests/contrib/curry.hy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-(require hy.contrib.curry)
+(require [hy.contrib.curry [defnc]])
 
 
 (defnc s [x y z] ((x z) (y z)))  ; λxyz.xz(yz)
diff --git a/tests/native_tests/contrib/loop.hy b/tests/native_tests/contrib/loop.hy
index 175111a..5b67c5c 100644
--- a/tests/native_tests/contrib/loop.hy
+++ b/tests/native_tests/contrib/loop.hy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-(require hy.contrib.loop)
+(require [hy.contrib.loop [loop]])
 (import sys)
 
 (defn tco-sum [x y]
diff --git a/tests/native_tests/contrib/meth.hy b/tests/native_tests/contrib/meth.hy
index e1d42da..7fe30f9 100644
--- a/tests/native_tests/contrib/meth.hy
+++ b/tests/native_tests/contrib/meth.hy
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-(require hy.contrib.meth)
+(require [hy.contrib.meth [route post-route put-route delete-route]])
 
 (defclass FakeMeth []
   "Mocking decorator class"
diff --git a/tests/native_tests/contrib/multi.hy b/tests/native_tests/contrib/multi.hy
index 5ce9932..51162b0 100644
--- a/tests/native_tests/contrib/multi.hy
+++ b/tests/native_tests/contrib/multi.hy
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 ;; FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
 ;; DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
-(require hy.contrib.multi)
+(require [hy.contrib.multi [defmulti]])
 
 
 (defn test-basic-multi []
diff --git a/tests/native_tests/language.hy b/tests/native_tests/language.hy
index 54b3e61..b9385db 100644
--- a/tests/native_tests/language.hy
+++ b/tests/native_tests/language.hy
@@ -1101,11 +1101,34 @@
 
 (defn test-require []
   "NATIVE: test requiring macros from python code"
-  (try
-    (assert (= "this won't happen" (qplah 1 2 3 4)))
-  (except [NameError]))
+  (try (qplah 1 2 3 4)
+       (except [NameError] True)
+       (else (assert False)))
+  (try (parald 1 2 3 4)
+       (except [NameError] True)
+       (else (assert False)))
+  (require [tests.resources.tlib [qplah]])
+  (assert (= (qplah 1 2 3) [8 1 2 3]))
+  (try (parald 1 2 3 4)
+       (except [NameError] True)
+       (else (assert False)))
   (require tests.resources.tlib)
-  (assert (= [1 2 3] (qplah 1 2 3))))
+  (assert (= (tests.resources.tlib.parald 1 2 3) [9 1 2 3]))
+  (try (parald 1 2 3 4)
+       (except [NameError] True)
+       (else (assert False)))
+  (require [tests.resources.tlib :as T])
+  (assert (= (T.parald 1 2 3) [9 1 2 3]))
+  (try (parald 1 2 3 4)
+       (except [NameError] True)
+       (else (assert False)))
+  (require [tests.resources.tlib [parald :as p]])
+  (assert (= (p 1 2 3) [9 1 2 3]))
+  (try (parald 1 2 3 4)
+       (except [NameError] True)
+       (else (assert False)))
+  (require [tests.resources.tlib [*]])
+  (assert (= (parald 1 2 3) [9 1 2 3])))
 
 
 (defn test-require-native []
@@ -1125,7 +1148,7 @@
                   (assert (= x [3 2 1]))
                   "success")
               (except [NameError] "failure"))))
-  (require tests.native_tests.native_macros)
+  (require [tests.native_tests.native_macros [rev]])
   (assert (= "success"
              (try
               (do (setv x [])
diff --git a/tests/resources/tlib.py b/tests/resources/tlib.py
index 7ce0ee5..bc214a0 100644
--- a/tests/resources/tlib.py
+++ b/tests/resources/tlib.py
@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 from hy.macros import macro
-from hy import HyList
+from hy import HyList, HyInteger
 
 
 @macro("qplah")
 def tmac(*tree):
-    return HyList(tree)
+    return HyList((HyInteger(8), ) + tree)
+
+
+@macro("parald")
+def tmac2(*tree):
+    return HyList((HyInteger(9), ) + tree)